November 2025

No comments Alexandrian Sightseeing, 1849 Samuel Bevan In the evening (Fumer) insisted on my taking another lesson on donkey-riding, so selecting two of the best looking from the ‘stand’ close to our office door, we cantered through the square towards Cleopatra’s Needle, which forms a prominent object on the sea-shore, just outside the town. . […]

No comments Stepping into Liberation Square at the back of the Hilton Hotel, one finds the Egyptian Museum right in front. A magnificent collection of artifacts are laid out rather haphazardly, and if a specialist devoted his whole life to browsing through the museum, he would never see everything there is to see. Some years […]

No comments The Aswan Dam For thousands of years, leadership in Egypt has been associated with that great source of life the Nile. From the first pharaoh, Narmer (3100 BC), who traditionally diverted the river at Memphis, to Nektanebos (360 BC), the last Egyptian pharaoh, canals were cleared and irrigation projects were carried out. When […]

No comments Night Monsters, c. 450 B.C. Herodotus The country is infested by swarms of gnats, and the people have invented various methods of dealing with them; south of the marshes they sleep at night on raised structures, which is of great benefit to them because the gnats are prevented by the wind from flying […]

No comments Smenkhkare Ankhkheperure Dynasty 18 1336-1334 BC Smenkhkare King Akhenaten‘s nominal successor was Smenkhkare, probably a younger brother of the king, but it appears that they may have died within months of each other. Smenkhkare‘s two-year reign was in reality a coregency during the last years of Akhenaten‘s life. A graffito in the tomb […]

1 comment Queen Hatshepsut  (Maatkare) Dynasty 18 1498 – 1483 BC Queen Hatshepsut  As Tuthmosis II had realized early on, Queen Hatshepsut was a strong-willed woman who would not let anyone or anything stand in her way. By Year 2 of her co-regency with the child king Tuthmosis III she had begun her policy to […]

No comments At Home on the Nile, 1849 Florence Nightingale 9 December: We shall have been on board a week tomorrow, and are now thoroughly settled in our house, all our gimlets up, our divans out, our Turkish slippers (mezd) provided, and everything on its own hook, as befits such close quarters. Now, if you […]

No comments Now we will talk about the Fifth Dynasty but first of all let’s introduce our kings : Userkaf : 2498-2491 Sahure : 2491-2477 Neferirkare ( Kakai ) : 2477-2467 Shepseskare : 2467-2460 Neferefre : 2460-2453 Niuserre (Ini) : 2453-2422 Menkauhor (Kaiu) : 2422-2414 Djedkare ( Isesi ) :  2414-2375 Unas : 2375-2345 The […]

No comments Graffiti of the Romans, 1819 John Fuller Romans In the afternoon we landed at Dakki. The temple here is differently situated from that at Sibouah, being placed parallel with instead of facing the river, and the approach is from the north. The propylon is lofty, and almost covered with the ‘proscunemata’ of Roman […]

No comments On the Boats, 1990 Deborah Manley Nile Boats Today, unless you are adventurous enough to sail down the Nile by felucca, your journey will be in one of the 200 or so river boats that act like floating hotels between Luxor and Aswan. Hemmed in by the barrages and the ‘British’ dam at […]

3 comments Notice : There is not evidence about Great Khufu’s Pyramid was built but there is some theories and we will discuss the most famous and common one How the Khufu Great Pyramid was Built ? How Khufu’s Pyramid was Built ? What is the “common theory about how the pyramid was built ? […]

No comments Peruvian Pyramids Although civilization in Peru apparently began before 9000 B.C., it was not until 1940 that archaeologists began for the first time to unearth the secrets of this great pre-Columbian civilization. Subsequent archaeological excavation has revealed buildings with construction features similar to those of the pyramidal structures still extant in Peru. These […]

No comments Mentuhotep I Nebhetepre 2060 -2010 BC Mentuhotep I The reign of Mentuhotep I reached its pinnacle some years after he came to the throne with the reunification of Egypt. The political progression of his career is eloquently attested by the series of Horus names he adopted: first ‘He who gives heart to the […]

No comments Alexandria Egypt , c. 960 Ebn HaukalEskanderia, Alexandria Egypt , is a considerable town, built on the sea-side: the houses, the other edifices, are of marble. And out in the sea there is a minareh [lighthouse], or watch-tower, of hard stone, and very lofty. It contains about three hundred houses. No one without […]